The current study investigated the effects of L1 and L2 glosses on L2 vocabulary retention in incidental and intentional settings. To this end, 100 intermediate Iranian female learners of English as a foreign language at Soroosh High School were given a pre-test to make sure that they do not have any prior knowledge of the target words. Reading passages with three different glossing conditions ...

This paper aims at discovering and investigating the effect of l1 translation, l1 gloss andcontext on vocabulary learning on EFL Iranian learners. A total number of 120 EFL students inprivate English institutes in Sari participated in the present study. They were divided into twoproficiency groups and three learning conditions. In order to make a list of words unknown to thelearners the partici...

The present study examines the effects of 3 kinds of glosses—first-language (L1) Chinese glosses plus second-language (L2) English example sentences, L1 in-text glosses, and L1 marginal glosses—in comparison with a no-gloss condition in reading an English passage, to explore whether providing glosses can facilitate reading comprehension and vocabulary acquisition. A total of 135 undergraduate b...

The chemical durability of three types of optical glass (BSC 517, BaC 572, and F 620) and chemical Pyrex llave been studied o\"er an extended pH range by means of an interfe rometer proced ure. The accompanying effect on the appearance (gloss retained) and on the transmittance of the specimens has also been determ ined. The results illustrate the con fu sion t ll at might a rise from choosin g ...

This critical literature review provides study details for 36 studies examining the effect of glossing language acquisition among English learners (ELLs). Useful tables include specificity participants, gloss types, target vocabulary items and text information about all studies. An analysis these reveals that is an effective means to enhance reading comprehension ELLs. However, language—whether...

the present study investigated the effect of marginal glosses (both l1 and l2) on incidental vocabulary learning of efl learners. the subject pool consisted of 154 third-semester iranian students enrolled at azad university, central branch. after administering a proficiency test, 90 homogeneous students were assigned to two experimental groups (x1 & x2) and one control group. afterwards, a 50 -...

Gloss is a property of paper that is used to emphasize print quality and color appearance. However, standard gloss measuring devices are not able to provide sufficiently accurate information to reliably develop papers with specific gloss characteristics. In this paper, the behavior of gloss is studied using goniometric imaging and spectral color information. A goniometric imaging system is prop...

Interactions between the albedo and the gloss on a surface are commonplace. Darker surfaces are perceived glossier (contrast gloss) than lighter surfaces and darker backgrounds can enhance perceived lightness of surfaces. We used maximum likelihood conjoint measurements to simultaneously quantify the strength of those effects. We quantified the extent to which albedo can influence perceived glo...

Wood finishes protect the surface of wood from external agents, enhance its looks and improve its gloss (luster). On constant external exposure, UV rays gradually degrade the film coating resulting in loss of gloss. In this study, two commonly used finishes namely spirit shellac and polyurethane finish were used to investigate the pattern of loss of gloss due to UV interference. Two coatings of...